World+of+Islam

World of Islam 600 - 1500 AD By Jacob Wasem and Cameron Pederson

media type="custom" key="11142820"

media type="youtube" key="mhYt7s0MWtk" height="315" width="420"

__**5 Key Terms**__ 1. sheikh- ruler chosen from on e of the leading families by a council of elders 2. hajj- pilgrimage to makah, on e of the requirements of the Five Pillers of Islam 3. shar'ah- code developed by Muslim scholards that provided believers with a set of practical laws to regulate their daily lives 4. Quran- the holy book of the religion of Islam 5. jihad- "stuggle in the way of God", defensive warfare

__**5 Important People**__ 1. Muhammad- created the religion of Islam and the Quran 2. Abu Bakr- Muhammad's father-in-law who was Muhammad's successor 3.Tariq - invaded Spain, Muslim general in 711 AD, Mountain of Tarik named after him 4. Abu al- Abbas- Abbasid Dynasty named after him, overthrew Umayyads, moved capital to Baghdad which is called "City of Peace" 5. Khadija- Muhammed's wife who told him to listen to Gabriel's message and was the first to convert to Islam

__ Overview of The Islam World __ In the Islamic World, Muhammed is arguably the most influencial person to the Muslims. Muhammed was born in Mecca in 570 AD. He is considered the founder of Islam. Khadija, Muhammed's wife, was the first to convert to the religion of Islam. In 610 AD, Muhammed had a revelation or vision where Gabriel, an angel spoke to Muhammed. The night Gabriel talked to Muhammed is called the NIght of Power. Gabriel said to Muhammed, "Recite in the name of the lord, the Creator, Who created man from clots of blood. Recite! Your lord is the most bountiful one.Who by the pen has taught mankind things they did not know." Muhammed is considered the "Prophet of Allah." The Hegira or Hijrah means "Great Flight," where Muhammed fled from Mecca to Medina, "The City of the Prophet" which was originally called Yathrib in 622 AD, which is also the first year of the Muslim calender. Muhammed returns to Mecca in 630 AD and becomes the political and religious leader. He died in 632 AD where he ascended into heaven from the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem.

The Muslims follow a strict code of laws called the Shari' ah from the Koran. One of the Teachings of Islam is "The Five Pillars of Islam." The first pillar is "There is no god but Allah, and Muhammed is his prophet." The second pillar is, Pray five times a day, "God is Great!", face Mecca the Holy city of Islam and Friday is the Holy day of Islam. The third pillar is "Give Alms to needy" which is also called Zakat. The fourt pillar is to Fast during Ramadan, the Holy Month of Islam. Thefifth and final pillar is to take a Pilgrimage to Mecca, (Hajj), once during lifetime.

There were many Islamic achievements during the Islamic Golden Age from 700 - 1000 AD. The Islamic word for knowledge was Ilm. Islam was very proficient in medicine. The Muslims created the first medical encyclopedia, the science of optics, and the first school of pharmacy. The Muslims also were proficient in math, the Algebra and Arabic number system. Al - Khwarizimi created the mathematics of Algebra. Another creation was the Astrolabe. The Astrolabe was designed for sailors to use the stars to locate their postion. Another acheivment was the book __The Arabian Knights__ by Omar Khayyam. This book contained stories of, Aladdin and His Lamp, Sindbad the Sailor, and Ali Baba and the Forty Theives. The Arabian Knights was originally called __The Tales from 1001 Nights.__


 * //"The ink of the scholar is more holy than the blood of the martyr." - Muhammad//**









__Timeline of the World of Islam__
 * 570-632 AD**- Muhammea, founder of Islam
 * 630 AD**- Muhammad returns to Mecca, Army of 10,000, united Arab tribes
 * 632 AD**- Muhammad's death
 * 711 AD**- Tariq, Muslim general, invasion of Spain
 * 717 AD**- Battle of Constantinople, Byzantine Empire destroyed Muslim invasion fleet
 * 1071 AD**- Battle of Manzikert, Turks defeat Byzantine Army
 * 1096-1212 AD**- The Crusades, series of 4 wars, Christian Knights vs. Muslim Warriors, great religious wars
 * 1187 AD**- Saladin, Muslim general who led the Muslims to destroy Christian forces and capture Jerusalem
 * 1460 AD**- Vlad the Impaler, Prince of Southern Transylvania (Romania)
 * 1897 AD**- Dracula, novel by Bromstoker

Religions of Islams- This website talks about the different religions that Islamics fall under Islam Basics- This website talks about religions, wars, and gives good information on the past of the World of Islam Facts about the Islams- This website lists the 30 most important facts about Islams A Timeline of the Islamic World - This website gives information about the Islamic world religion Learn About the World of Islam- This website gives you different courses and will guide you through the past history of the World of Islam